Natalie, your title-subtitle related to the actual article is bewildering if not befuddling. The axiomatic reality of narcissism is as a subject possesses a very broad spectrum to include that which is simply being a nuro typical human being to that which is aberrant and a subset of non-normality arcing into destructive outcomes for all involved.

Your title-subtitle begins where on the spectrum? Your assumption as stated in your subtitle was in fact focused on non disorder individual who possess “traits of narcissism”. The entire human species must be included in this category. So why state narcissism and simply get to the truth which is everyone shares a range of empathy as a personality characteristic? The article title could have been “…Humans have degrees of empathy to include none.”

To be succinct and forthcoming, I was simply disappointed with the fact your theory implied in the lead in title and subtitle conflicted with your narrative. If confessions were to be had, I was drawn to your article in anticipation of learning something new [NPD could have empathy…a fact I do not currently agree with] while in reality, I simply experienced what is commonplace information restated in a broader context [ comparing human traits to a disorder via a spectrum of empathy].

Thanks for listening and good luck with your future writing.